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Editorial: $10M for an LED lightbulb, just in time for the New Year
 
... How's this for a deal? If your company can create and validate an LED-based screw-in replacement for the standard Edison-type 60-watt incandescent light bulb, the US Congress has mandated a $10M prize for the effort. The prize is designated as one element of the Bright Tomorrow Lighting Prizes, which...
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Kyma Formalizes Research and Development Collaboration with Contract

December 31, 2007...Kyma Technologies of Raleigh, North Carolina USA, announced that the company signed a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between the company and Naval Surface Warfare Center – Crane Division (NSWC Crane). Kyma, a supplier of ultra-high purity crystalline gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) materials and related products and services, has reportedly been informally collaborating over a year on advanced materials characterization analyses of Kyma’s native GaN products. According to Kyma, the three-year CRADA formalizes and expands upon an ongoing effort between it and NSWC Crane. Chuck Pagel of NSWC Crane and Drew Hanser of Kyma are the principal investigators on the research and development project.

Dr. Hanser, who is Kyma’s Chief Technology Officer and Vice President of Business Development, stated, “NSWC Crane’s capabilities include a number of advanced materials and device characterization and analysis tools and associated expertise. Formalization of this important collaboration represents an important step for Kyma towards furthering our understanding of how to bring better materials solutions to our customers.”

Kyma’s Chief Scientist, Dr. Tanya Paskova, will present some of the recent characterization results from the collaboration in her presentation in the Opto 2008 Symposium of Photonics West 2008 , held during the week of January 19th – 24th in San Jose, California. Kyma News Release

Avanex Files Arbitration Complaint Against 3S Photonics
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 30, 2007...Avanex of Fremont, California, a developer of products for fiber optic networks, reported that it has filed an arbitration complaint against 3S Photonics of Marcoussis, France. The complaint filed in New York alleges that 3S breached its contract with Avanex and prematurely terminated the exclusive distribution agreement that 3S had with Avanex. Avanex cites the allegedly breached agreement as the cause of its lower revenues for the quarter and through the first quarter of 2008. Avanex sold its Marcoussis-based subsidiary Avanex France SA to its director, Didier Sauvage, and to Global Research Co., held by Alexandre Krivine, in April 2007. The subsidiary, formerly Alcatel Optronics, was renamed 3S Photonics. 3S photonis produces optical modules and components for telecom networks using GaAs and InP technologies at its optoelectronics chip manufacturing plant in Nozay, France.

Avanex said it paid the purchasers nearly $17.3 million in anticipated operating capital, including current liabilities for previous restructuring activities. It maintains a 10 percent interest in the sold businesses as well as privileged commercial partnerships. It also retained the optical interface activity previously carried out in France. Avanex says that 3S agreed to be the exclusive distributor of some of its products, but it alleges that 3S has prematurely ended the exclusive distribution agreement. Avanex News Release

The LED Supply
Chain Conference
Materials, Epi, Chips and Devices...
June 8-9 Hsinchu, Taiwan

When markets are uncertain, winning companies in growth markets push forward while the incumbent technologies pull back. Now is the time to press the advantage, and knowledge and updated connections are what you need to do it. To help you use your time most efficiently, this 7th Annual international event has been moved to early June as a lead-in for the 2009 Taiwan Photonics Festival later that same week. Senior executives from the key industry players will gather as we examine the complete vertical market, from leading manufacturers and developers of advanced materials and processes, to packaging and packaged devices. Before you meet the crowds, get focused on the key market and technical developments you need to know. Visit www.BlueTaiwan.com for all the details.

Researchers Develop Nano-Imprint Method for Making Brighter LEDs

December 30, 2007...In a collaborative project, researchers from the University of Glasgow, and another group of researchers at the Institute of Photonics at the University of Strathclyde, have devised a method to more quickly and eventually less expensively produce brighter LEDs. The researchers’ method uses nano-imprint lithography to create microscopic holes in the surface of LEDs to increase their luminosity, according to an article by the BBC. Content continues for LIGHTimes SecondPage members...

President Bush Signs Law Mandating Incandescent Phase-Out
Scott McMahan

December 19, 2007...Today, President George Bush Signed H.R. 6, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. In remarks to the press, the President said, "Today we make a major step with the Energy Independence and Security Act. We make a major step toward reducing our dependence on oil, confronting global climate change, expanding the production of renewable fuels and giving future generations of our country a nation that is stronger, cleaner and more secure." He commented, "The bill ... includes revisions to improve energy efficiency in lighting and appliances."

The new federal law provides dramatic and sweeping changes to building requirements, fuel efficiency requirements, and lighting. Among many parts for consumers and businesses, the legislation proposes tax credits for plug-in vehicles and fuel economy standards of 35 MPG for automobiles by 2020. The act gives a big boost to the the solid state lighting industry in the United States by mandating the phase-out of inefficient incandescent bulbs in favor of more efficient lighting solutions such a compact fluorescent and LEDs. Content continues for LIGHTimes SecondPage members...

 

AXT to Supply IQE with GaAs Substrates

December 19, 2007...AXT, Inc., a compound semiconductor substrate maker headquartered in Fremont, California USA, has struck a deal to supply IQE semi-insulating gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrates. The agreement to meet IQE's 2008 worldwide substrate requirements is valued at approximately $15.1 million, with an option to purchase an additional $3.5 million of substrates. According to AXT, all substrates ordered under the contract are to be shipped by the end of 2008. IQE ordered primarily 6-inch semi-insulating GaAs substrates. IQE offers a wafers with a range of products for a wide variety of applications. The wafers and products are supported by an outsourced foundry services portfolio that makes the company a 'one stop shop’ for wafer needs.

"AXT is well positioned to be able to accommodate IQE's increasing demand, particularly in larger diameter gallium arsenide substrates," said Drew Nelson, president and chief executive officer of IQE. "Its expansive manufacturing capacity, unique raw material capability and broad product portfolio make it an ideal partner to support our strong growth plans for 2008." AXT News Release

Nanosolar Ships First Commercial Panels
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 19, 2007...Nanosolar, reports that after five years of product development the company has shipped its first product and has received its first product revenue. According to the company, the complete product development included science research and development, manufacturing process development, product engineering, manufacturing engineering and tool development, and factory construction. The company credits its creative team with the development achievement. A company spokesperson said in a news release, “We are grateful to everyone who supported us through all these years and the many occasions where there appeared to be mile-high concrete walls in our path; the unusual intensity and creativity of our team deserves all the credit for achieving this major milestone today.”

The company listed the achievements that went into the device’s design including: the world’s first printed thin-film solar cell in a commercial panel product; the world’s first thin-film solar cell with a low-cost back-contact capability; the world’s lowest-cost solar panel – which we believe will make us the first solar manufacturer capable of profitably selling solar panels at as little as $.99/Watt; the world’s highest-current thin-film solar panel – delivering five times the current of any other thin-film panel on the market today and thus simplifying system deployment; And an intensely systems-optimized product with the lowest balance-of-system cost of any thin-film panel – due to innovations in design we have included. Company News Release

Setup of Ascent Solar’s New PV Manufacturing Line Proceeding on Schedule

December 19, 2007...Ascent Solar of Littleton, Colorado USA, a developer of thin-film photovoltaic modules, delivered and completed installation of all equipment required to finish the integration of its 1.5MW production facility. According to the company, testing, integration, and qualification of the new production line is set to begin in January 2008. The company also noted that product qualification and certifications are scheduled to begin after the line is completely integrated and it achieves initial operating capacities.

Matthew Foster, President and CEO, commented, “We are very pleased to have these complex tools delivered and installed right on schedule. This significant event completes Ascent Solar’s first major milestone and our entire team is excited to now enter the next stage of our commercial development.” Mr. Foster further stated that “we have also been very fortunate this year in receiving additional capital through a strategic investment from Hydro and conversion of our Class A public warrants. With this additional capital, the company was able to start the development of its high-volume 100MW plant ahead of schedule. We plan to place orders for machine procurement to build our first 25MW line some time in the second quarter of 2008 and we currently envision the 25MW facility completion by year-end 2009.” Company News Release

Emcore to Purchase Intel’s Optical Platform Division
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 19, 2007...Emcore Corporation and Intel Corporation have reached a definitive agreement for Emcore to acquire the telecom-related portion of Intel’s Optical Platform Division for $85 million. Emcore will acquire the intellectual property, assets, and technology relating to tunable lasers, tunable transponders, 300-pin transponders, and integrable tunable laser assemblies. The transaction is subject to regulatory review and certain other closing conditions. The transaction is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2008. Emcore says that the acquisition will enhance its presence in the telecommunications market segment and expand its fiber optics product portfolio.

"This transaction represents an important step for Emcore," said Reuben Richards, CEO, Emcore. "We are excited about this acquisition and the opportunity to continue building upon Intel’s leading tunable laser technology, strong product quality and history of customer service and satisfaction. The acquired assets should drive substantial product cost reduction, and the combined product portfolio should enable Emcore to gain a greater share of customer spending. Emcore estimates these assets will generate $65 million of revenue in 2008, and believes this acquisition will accelerate its path to earnings per share profitability as expected in mid-2008."

According to Intel, the sale of its telecom-related assets allows the company to focus its on core communications and embedded market segments. In addition to this announced transaction, Intel is currently exploring strategic alternatives regarding the enterprise-focused portion of its Optical Platform Division. Company News Release

Bandwidth Semiconductor Renamed Spire Semiconductor
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 17, 2007...Spire Corporation of Bedford, Massachusetts USA, a provider of turnkey solar cell manufacturing equipment, has has chosen to rename its subsidiary, Bandwidth Semiconductor to Spire Semiconductor. Bandwidth Semiconductor has done some pioneering work in gallium arsenide solar cells for space applications. Spire Corporation says that the name change will help its subsidiary be more aligned with its overall solar energy focus on terrestrial applications. The newly named company, Spire Semiconductor, will enter the GaAs solar concentrator cell market, but it will continue to offer its foundry and processing services.

“GaAs solar cell activities are growing at Spire Semiconductor and are supplementing revenue growth from its portfolio of defense, biomedical and consumer products,” said Roger G. Little, Spire’s chairman and chief executive officer. “This operation has held a pioneering position in the field and in the future we intend to place even more emphasis on the solar concentrator cell market. As Spire Semiconductor, this operation will be better integrated with Spire Corporation and share Spire’s vision as a world leader in the terrestrial solar energy industry.” Spire Corporation News Release

Novalux Goes Fabless
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 17, 2007...Laser technology company, Novalux of Sunnyvale, California USA, reports selling its Sunnyvale wafer fabrication facility to an undisclosed Silicon Valley company. The transaction closed November 21, 2007. Novalux currently grows its epitaxial wafers at its main Sunnyvale facility. The company says it will shift fabrication and processing of the laser arrays to large capacity contract fabricators in Taiwan. The company indicated that this step is key to begin mass production of its laser diode arrays. Instead of growing and fabricating the epitaxial wafers at its Sunnyvale facility then sending the the devices to Taiwan contract manufacturers for dicing, sub-mount attachment, and testing, the company will now shift the entire production to contract manufacturers in Taiwan. Novalux will continue to supply the resulting laser arrays to partner companies, including Oerlikon, Young Optics and Seiko-Epson. The partners finish and package the visible RGB lasers for delivery to consumer electronics companies.

"As per our business roadmap, Novalux is evolving into a fab-less, high-volume, low-cost Necsel laser producer for consumer electronics applications," said William Mackenzie, Novalux chief operating officer. "The contract manufacturers we've chosen for wafer processing are sophisticated operations that can mass-produce higher quality, more consistent lasers at a lower cost than we could do locally. This is a critical step toward meeting customer demands for Necsel production parts in early 2008." Company News Release

E-Band Communications Gets Funding
CompoundSemi News Staff

December 17, 2007...E-Band Communications Corporation (EBCC), a developer of ultra-high capacity millimeter wave wireless transmission systems, has raised $10 million in its series B financing round. Reliance Technology Ventures Ltd. led the funding round. The round also included investment from ADC telecommunications, Express Ventures, Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc., Investec, and a major wireless carrier. The company leverages a proprietary gallium arsenide-based wireless technology that enables multi-gigabit capacity wireless transmission for customers including wireless service providers.

“E-band is a technology whose time has come,” said CEO and co-founder of E-Band Communications, Sam Smookler. “Uniquely capable of delivering gigabits of bandwidth over the air, E-band is positioned to satisfy numerous high-speed broadband network and access applications. Our newly developed proprietary integrated chipset utilizing leading-edge gallium arsenide high-speed processes enables us to bring the highest performance products to market at the most cost-effective price point.” “The 70/80 GHz millimeter-wave spectrum, in which we operate, enables E-Band to reach fiber-equivalent wireless transmission speeds ranging from 1 Gigabit per second up to 10 Gigabits per second,” said Saul Umbrasas, co-founder and Chief Marketing Officer. “With the growing adoption of pure IP networks and wireless broadband technologies such as WiMAX and 4th Generation cellular technologies, E-Band wireless systems will be used to concentrate and backhaul the vast amounts of digital IP-based wireless traffic and serve as a substitute for fiber in last mile metropolitan access networks.” Company News Release

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Commentary & Perspective...

$10M for an LED lightbulb, just in time for the New Year
Tom Griffiths - Publisher

December 30, 2007...How's this for a deal? If your company can create and validate an LED-based screw-in replacement for the standard Edison-type 60-watt incandescent light bulb, the US Congress has mandated a $10M prize for the effort. The prize is designated as one element of the Bright Tomorrow Lighting Prizes, which is part of The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (US House of Representatives, Resolution 6). It was recently signed into law (available as a PDF download). The awards section starts on page 209 of 310.

There are 3 prizes being awarded. The first award totals $10M and is called the 60-Watt Incandescent Replacement Lamp Prize. The winning lamp will be in a standard A19 form factor in a single contact medium screw base, produce 900 lumens on less than 10 watts (>90 lm/watt). It addition, it must deliver a CRI of 90+ and a correlated color temperature (CCT) between 2750K and 3000K. Reliability and commercial aspects are factored in as well in that it will need to operate with 70% lumen maintenance during its predicted 25000+ hour life and must be sold in competitive commercial volumes.

The $5M PAR Type 38 Halogen Replacement Lamp Prize, reads basically the same, except for the projector-type lamp and should produce 1350 lumens on less than 11 watts (>123 lm/watt). The "wildcard award" is something called the 21st Century Lamp Prize and is worth $5M for apparently anything producing 1200 lumens at an efficiency exceeding 150 lm/watt, with a CRI of 90+ and CCT between 2800K and 3000K. Presumably the judges get to fill in some more criteria, such as what form factors are useful and such.

The US DOE is charged with scraping up the award funds as "donations" from any person, government entity or organization, and donors can't receive any of the awards (which blows the lottery idea I had...). Prizes are available to US companies, citizens or legal permanent residents, so if you don't have a subsidiary here, hurry... Once either of the first two prizes is awarded, the government purchasing office is directed to make plans to start purchasing those bulbs as replacements for use in all the US government buildings. The goal would be to have entirely switched to those solid-state lighting alternatives within 5 years of the respective awards being made. (Note to CFL providers: If you sell to the US Federal Government, it's time to revise your sales forecasts down.)

How tough is this going to be?

For years elements in the solid state lighting industry, including myself, have been working to dial back the consumer expectation of a screw in replacement for the good old Edison bulb. Frankly, a primary motivation has been to keep our collective eyes fixed on what LEDs can do that traditional incandescents can't. Think "ultra-low profile" and "color washing with hidden sources" as prime examples. Along with that, we've wanted to keep the consumer market from biting off on the first thing to come along that "looks like a light bulb", which up until fairly recently could be counted on to make nightlights look bright in comparison. But the progress we've expected is coming to fruition and things are looking good. As efficiencies come up there is less heat that needs to be dissipated "behind the source" and companies have shown some innovative ways to accomplish that. Heck, if we can read a newspaper headline from an orbiting satellite (which would seem to be about the same thing as looking through a photolithography machine from the IC's viewpoint), this shouldn't be tough to finish. For the non-semiconductor folks, we'll just liken it to the magic that lets the clock on your PC synchronize itself to within a hundredth of a second to US National Bureau of Standards atomic clocks, using the the same internet connection that can be challenged to bring you your email in as few as 10 minutes. (At least the clock on my DVD/VCR sets itself now!)

How close are we?

Some recent "lab results" announcements suggest that we may be as little as a year away. While we have love-hate relationship with announcements of laboratory results, they can be useful if there is a track record to back it up. Cree is among the positive examples for making good on lab announcements. Cree has been pretty steady in announcing their laboratory results and consistently delivering on that about 12-18 months later. Similarly Philips Lumileds last year announced that it had a series of breakthroughs "now in the lab" that were supposed to lead to a substantial increase in luminous efficiency. Instead of showing up all at once in a new product, the individual ingredients appear as evolutionary steps during the course of the year. Those started appearing last February at Strategies in Light, when Frank Steranka shared the first results and those have continued to roll out during the course of 2007. Nichia is great at announcing a lab result for incredibly efficient LEDs (150+ lumens/watt, if memory serves), although those numbers appeared in relatively low power devices. They play things very close to the vest and continue to quietly win their share of the high-end lighting business. That's tough to do if you're not delivering on those expectations of continuous improvement.

The most recent announcement relevant to these awards came from LED Lighting Fixtures (LLF), and if they can be used as an example, we're pretty close to seeing some real leaps towards the goal. LLF's recent laboratory announcement covered a PAR 38 self-ballasted lamp producing 659 lumens on just 5.8 watts of wall-plug power. The 113.6 delivered lumens per watts is only 10 shy of that PAR 38 replacement target, although they will need to double the overall output reach the 1350 needed. They announced the result with a warm 2760K CCT and a CRI of just over 91, so that part is effectively nailed. How's their track record? In baseball terms, they've pretty much had one hit on one "at bat" with their LR6 downlight replacement. Neal Hunter brings his Cree experience to LLF, so one can assume he knows what's at stake for getting an announcement wrong. Perhaps more to the point, there is a lot of innovation going on, and if they don't get there pretty quickly, it's a fair bet that someone else will. The next 18 months should prove to be an interesting race...

If you have news or views to share about the compound semiconductor, LED or solid state lighting industries
contact our Publisher, Tom Griffiths
His direct tel in Austin is +1-512-257-9888

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